This variant is associated with a poorer rate of recovery. Acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN): affecting axons of both motor and sensory neurons.This results in a purely motor presentation, as opposed to the more common sensorimotor neuropathy in AIDP. Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN): a form of GBS more common in Asian countries that primarily damages the axons of motor neurons specifically.Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP): the most common variant of GBS in Western Europe and North America, primarily affecting the myelin sheath of affected nerves.There have been reports of patients developing GBS following Zika virus outbreaks or more rarely COVID-19. This causes clinical features such as paraesthesia and weakness. The result is demyelination of both motor and sensory peripheral nerves, impacting their ability to relay information between the central nervous system and the periphery. This phenomenon is termed molecular mimicry. Current evidence suggests GBS occurs due to immune system activation against these pathogens, where the immune response mistakes key components of peripheral nerves for the virus it is attacking. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is considered to be an autoimmune condition. 1 The most commonly-associated organisms are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Mycoplasma, and Campylobacter jejuni. You might also be interested in our medical flashcard collection which contains over 1000 flashcards that cover key medical topics.Īround 66% of GBS cases involve a previous history of either an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) or a gastrointestinal infection.
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